English[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ɡɑː/

  • Audio (Southern England)

    (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ɡɑɹ/
• Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle English gar, gare, gere, gore, from Old English gār (“spear, dart, javelin, shaft, arrow, weapon, arms”), from Proto-Germanic *gaizaz (“spear, pike, javelin”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰayso- (“pointed stick, spear”), from *ǵʰey- (“to drive, move, fling”). Cognate with West Frisian gear, Dutch geer (“pointed weapon, spear”), German Ger (“spear”), Norwegian geir (“spear”), Icelandic geir (“spear”). Related to gore.

Alternative forms[edit]

• gore (dialectal)

Noun[edit]

gar (plural gars)

1. (obsolete) A spear.

Etymology 2[edit]

Clipping of garfish.

Noun[edit]

gar (plural gars)

1. (especially US, Canada) Any of several North American fish of the family Lepisosteidae that have long, narrow jaws.
2. (especially UK, Ireland) A garfish, Belone belone.

Usage notes[edit]

• The European species was the original gar, and the North American gars were named after it, with other common names also shared between the two. In modern usage an attempt has been made to restrict "gar" to the North American fish and "garfish" to the European ones, but both names can be found for both types. Context can help: the North American gars are freshwater fish of a very primitive type, while the European gars are saltwater fish known for their green bones and their association with mackerel in folklore.

Translations[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

From Middle English garren, gerren, from Old Norse gera, gerva (Swedish göra, Danish gøre), from Proto-Germanic *garwijaną. Compare yare; but also Old Cornish gorra (“put, place, set”).

Verb[edit]

gar (third-person singular simple present gars, present participle garring, simple past and past participle gart)

1. (now chiefly UK dialectal) To make, compel (someone to do something); to cause (something to be done). [14th-19th c.]
   • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur, Book XX:

     I shall firste begyn at Sandwyche, and there I shall go in my shearte, barefoote, and at every ten myles ende I shall founde and gar make an house of religious, of what order that ye woll assygne me [...].

   • 1885, Sir Richard Burton, The Book of the Thousand Nights and One Night, Night 15:

     Time gars me tremble. Ah, how sore the baulk! / While Time in pride of strength cloth ever stalk [...].

Anagrams[edit]

• ARG, Arg., Gra, RGA, Rag, arg, rag

Basque[edit]

Noun[edit]

gar inan

1. blaze

Breton[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡɑːr/

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Brythonic *garr, from Proto-Celtic *garros.

Noun[edit]

gar f (plural garoù)

1. leg

Mutation[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun[edit]

gar

1. Soft mutation of kar.

Mutation[edit]

German[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle High German gare (inflected garw-), from Old High German garo, from Proto-West Germanic *garu, from Proto-Germanic *garwaz.

Cognate with Dutch gaar, archaic English yare (“keen, lively, eager”). Related with gerben.

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /ɡaːr/, [ɡaː], [ɡaːɐ̯], [ɡaːʁ]

• Audio

  (file)

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aːɐ̯, -aː

Adjective[edit]

gar (not comparable)

1. cooked, done (of food such as meat or vegetables: ready for consumption)

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

• garen

Adverb[edit]

gar

1. (with a negative) at all; even

   Synonym: überhaupt

   Sie hat gar kein Geld.

   She has no money at all.

   Er ist gar nicht gekommen.

   He didn't even show up. / He didn't show up at all.

   • 2010, Der Spiegel, issue 25/2010, page 80:

     Ein Verbot sollte es nach Ansicht vieler Ökonomen auch für die sogenannten Leerverkäufe geben. Banken verkaufen dabei Aktien oder Währungen, die sie noch gar nicht besitzen oder allenfalls geliehen haben.

     In the opinion of many economists, there should also exist a prohibition for the so-called short sales. In these, banks sell shares or currencies that they do not own at all yet or have borrowed at best.

2. (chiefly formal or literary) even; expressing a climax

   Synonyms: sogar, selbst, geradezu

   Ist er ein Dieb? Ein Räuber? Oder gar ein Mörder?

   Is he a thief? A robber? Or even a murderer?

3. (chiefly formal or literary, with zu) all

   Synonym: all, usually spelt allzu

   Wenn er gar zu frech wird, geben Sie ihm eine kräftige Ohrfeige.

   If he becomes all too impertinent, give him a sturdy slap.

4. (Austria, Switzerland, otherwise archaic, poetic) very; quite; really

   Synonyms: ganz, recht, sehr, ziemlich; see also Thesaurus:sehr

   Das war gar frech von dir!

   That was quite impertinent of you!

Derived terms[edit]

• ganz und gar
• Garaus

Irish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Irish gar (“short; near”). See Middle Irish gerr (“short”).

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): [ɡaɾˠ]

Adjective[edit]

gar (genitive singular masculine gair, genitive singular feminine gaire, plural gara, comparative gaire)

1. near
2. (of time) short
3. (literary) convenient; easy, likely
4. near, mean, stingy

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

• gar- (“near, close; approximate”)

Noun[edit]

gar m (genitive singular gair, nominative plural garanna)

1. nearness, proximity
2. convenience, service; turn, favor

Synonyms[edit]

• aice
• cóngar
• fogas

Derived terms[edit]

• i ngar

Declension[edit]

Mutation[edit]

References[edit]

• "gar" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 gar”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Latvian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Preposition[edit]

gar (with accusative)

1. along

Middle English[edit]

Noun[edit]

gar

1. Alternative form of gare

Old English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-West Germanic *gaiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *gaizaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰoys- (“pointed stick, spear”).

Cognate with Old Frisian gēr, Old Saxon gēr, Old High German gēr, Old Norse geirr.

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /ɡɑːr/

Noun[edit]

gār m (nominative plural gāras)

1. (poetic) spear, arrow, dart

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

• Gārdene
• gārlēac
• nafogār

Descendants[edit]

• Middle English: gar, gare, gere, gore
  • English: gore (dialectal), gar
  • → Middle English: garfysche
    • English: garfish
    • Scots: gairfish

Polish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /ɡar/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ar
• Syllabification: gar

Noun[edit]

gar m inan

1. (colloquial) Augmentative of garnek.

Declension[edit]

Further reading[edit]

• gar in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• gar in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Scots[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English garren, gerren, from Old Norse gera, gǫrva, gørva (Swedish göra, Danish gøre), from Proto-Germanic *garwijaną. Compare English yare.

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /ɡar/, /ɡɛr/

Verb[edit]

gar (simple past and past participle gart or gert)

1. to make (somebody or something do something)

   Whit gars ye say that? ― What makes you say that?

Related terms[edit]

• gare
• gair

Scottish Gaelic[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

gar

1. us (direct object)

   Cò a bhios gar cuideachadh? ― Who will help us?

Usage notes[edit]

• Adds the prefix n- to the following word if it begins with a vowel:

  Cha robh i gar n-ainmeachadh. ― She didn't mention us.

Related terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old Irish gorim, from Proto-Celtic *gʷrenso-,^[1] from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrenso- (“warm”), from *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”); see also Old Irish grís (“heat (of the sun), fire, embers”), Sanskrit घ्रंस (ghraṃsa, “heat of the sun”), Latin formus (“warm”), Ancient Greek θερμός (thermós), English warm.^[2]

Verb[edit]

gar (past ghar, future garaidh, verbal noun garadh, past participle garte)

1. warm

   a' garadh an làmhan ris an teine ― warming their hands at the fire

Related terms[edit]

• gorm

References[edit]

Turkish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from French gare.

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡaɾ/, [ɡaɾ̞̊]

Noun[edit]

gar (definite accusative garı, plural garlar)

1. station (railway)

Related terms[edit]

• otogar

Turkmen[edit]

Noun[edit]

gar (definite accusative ?, plural ?)

1. snow

Welsh[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /ɡar/

Noun[edit]

gar

1. Soft mutation of car.

Mutation[edit]

West Tarangan[edit]

Noun[edit]

gar

1. water

Further reading[edit]

• Richard J. Nivens, A Lexical Phonology of West Tarangan, in Phonological Studies in Four Languages of Maluku (1992, edited by Donald A. Burquest, Wyn D. Laidig)
• Richard J. Nivens, Borrowing Versus Code-switching in West Tarangan (Indonesia) (2002)
• E. Wattimury, A. Haulussy, J. Pentry, Sintaksis bahasa Tarangan (1995), page 48

Westrobothnian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /ɡɑːr/ (example of pronunciation)

  Rhymes: -óːr

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Norse í gær, í gjár

Noun[edit]

gar

1. Yesterday (only used in the adverbial form i gar.)

   i gar-o mårjan / i går óm móran

   yesterday morning

   i gar-o äfta

   yesterday evening

Etymology 2[edit]

Noun[edit]

gar m

1. Skin-furrow (about the grain of a hide.)
2. Growth rings in wood.

Declension[edit]